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Thursday, 18 December 2014

Male sympathetic pregnancy or Couvade Syndrome

Couvade Syndrome

© io9



Couvade Syndrome is the name given to the conglomerate of pregnancy symptoms experienced by men when their partners are pregnant. The human mind is a powerful thing, but can a man's brain really convince his body that it's pregnant? And how does the pregnancy end?

Couvade Syndrome's Origins


I was surprised to find that sympathetic male pregnancy had a name - Couvade Syndrome. It sounds like it was named in honor of the extensive and groundbreaking work of someone called Dr. Couvade. In fact, it's a mangled French word coined by EB Tyler, and anthropologist who observed ritual pregnancies acted out by men in several different cultures around the world. "Couvade" comes from the word , meaning "to brood." (Brood as in "brood mare," not brood as in "to have a gloomy obsession.")


In the medical world, Couvade Syndrome isn't an official disease. It is more of an interesting phenomenon. Although doctors have noticed that fathers-to-be can experience weight gain, morning vomiting, heartburn, and restlessness, as well as more random symptoms like toothaches and leg cramps, there hasn't been any agreement as to what causes it.


Some doctors maintain that weight gain is normal, since generally the mother and the father live together, and as the mother's eating habits change, so do those of the father. Vomiting in the morning can be easily brought on by being around someone else who is vomiting. The rest of the symptoms can be brought on by stress.


Studies of "Pregnant" Men


Still, the syndrome does describe a common experience shared by many expectant fathers. One medical study discovered that sixty out of the 267 men studied sought medical treatment for some form of Couvade. The syndrome isn't limited to one culture. Although there is no widespread multi-national study of Couvade syndrome, a recent study noted that it pops up regularly in Thai fathers as well as American and European ones.


The exact percentage of men who experience Couvade may be exaggerated. Pinning down exactly who and who does not have Couvade syndrome is not easy. The various symptoms, from weight gain to tooth ache, often show up in men with pregnant wives, but they show up at different rates. Does someone who gains a few pounds during his wife's pregnancy and perhaps has some cramping due to stress count, count as a Couvade patient? The symptoms have a long time to show up. Most papers on Couvade agree that symptoms show up in the first trimester and the third trimester. All the symptoms - except back ache - show up significantly more often in men with pregnant wives than those without pregnant wives, but does a tooth ache one month and some vomiting the next constitute Couvade?


And then there are a few studies that are just bizarre. One found that both men and women tend to hold babies to the left, regardless of if they are left-handed or right-handed. Men with sons tend to hold infants a to the right a bit more often than the norm, but men with Couvade are much more likely to hold their newborns to the right, regardless of sex. And men with Couvade who also hold their babies to the right tended to be closer to their own mothers. Make of that what you will.


How to Cure Couvade Syndrome


How is the syndrome resolved? Birth - by the mother - will definitely do it, but for the most part there's no need to go so far. Most of the time the symptoms simply dissipate before birth. Although studies indicate that men with Couvade tend to take more medication during the pregnancy, that medication is meant to control the symptoms, not treat the Couvade syndrome itself. The syndrome is a medical curiosity, but never seems to have been real problem. Occasionally, men will experience sympathetic pains during birth, and will be medicated for them, but there have been no cases of Couvade ever endangering anyone.


Sources:

Couvade Syndrome in Expectant Thai Fathers

The Couvade Syndrome and Side Preference in Child Holding

Fatherhood and Emotional Stress

The Couvade Syndrome

The Couvade Syndrome: An Epidemiologic Study

Male Counterpart to Pregnancy

Couvade Syndrome


Want something else to read? How about 'Grievous Censorship' By The Guardian: Israel, Gaza And The Termination Of Nafeez Ahmed's Blog


12 things to know about the piteous open letter from RBS employee to Russell Brand


© Mail Online

Russell Brand (right) has apologised to business analyst Joseph Kynaston Reeves, 40 (left) following the letter.



Have you seen the open letter from Jo (the disgruntled financial sector worker) to Russell Brand that has been described as and "scathing" by the mainstream press? I have, and I have a few points to make about it.

TL;DR


The letter was far too long - and that's some criticism coming from me, given the length of most of my articles, including this one. I console myself with the fact that when I write my long articles I like to employ internal structure (such as subject headings) in order to break it down a bit into coherent and accessible pieces, rather than just jumbling together a long rambling diatribe.


The only reason that I bothered reading Jo's seemingly endless whining until the end was that after only the first dozen or so paragraphs I knew damn well that there would be plenty of ammunition for one of my "12 things ..." articles, otherwise I would almost certainly have dismissed it as TL;DR (too long; didn't read).


Hilarious? Piteous more like it?


The letter wasn't "hilarious" as claimed by the mainstream press, it wasn't even funny. If endless callbacks to Jo caring more about his cold lunch than society was meant to be a joke, it simply wasn't funny, and it remained unfunny despite the constant repetition.


I found Jo's letter about as hilarious as I found Russell Brand was when he and Jonathan Ross and made those abusive phone calls to an old man who used to be famous. Like 2008 vintage Brand, Jo's letter was was annoyingly self-centred and desperately unfunny.


How backwards can you get things?


In my view Jo got it completely the wrong way around when he said .


I used to find Russell's narcissism and puerile sense of humour really annoying. It's only since he started to grow up and engage with the political world that I've actually begun to warm to him.


It's incredible that someone could think that Russell Brand was better when he was an unfunny egotistical bully, and has begun resenting him since he started developing a bit of a social conscience.


Perhaps it's a reflection on how established the right-winggreed-is-a-virtue mentality has become that Jo actually liked Brand when he was an unfunny and egocentric money-grabber, but now that he's decided to listen to his social conscience and stand up for people who need a bit of help (like the Focus E15 mums), Jo reacts with fury.


Where does debt actually come from Jo?


The letter defended bankers' bonuses and complained about the concept of as a problem. It's almost as if our poor, hungry financial sector worker doesn't even understand that the reason that there is so much debt in our economy is that the private banks invent 97% of the currency that we use out of nothing, then rent out these debt backed wealth tokens as interest bearing loans. Hence all the debt - because if nearly all of the money in the economy is invented out of nothing by the banks and rented out to us, then destroyed by the same banks when it is repaid, where exactly does all of the money to pay the interest come from?


The institutions Jo works for and defends (despite claiming not to be a spokesman for them) are to blame for the fact that there is so much debt in the system, yet he's using "debt" as a stick to beat Brand with!


It's no wonder the banks collapsed if financial sector workers aren't even aware that the institutions that they work for are responsible for the ever increasing indebtedness of our economy.


At the person criticisms


Jo's letter is absolutely riddled with at the person criticisms (often refered to in latin as "Ad Hominem" attacks). Repeatedly slamming Brand for the fact that he is a millionaire is an extraordinary stance for someone who is so desperate to defend bankers' bonuses.


That Jo repeatedly resorts to personal attacks rather than developing coherent critiques of Brand's politics suggests that Jo doesn't care about actually winning the argument, he just wants to smear his opponent as much as possible, content in the assumption that most people don't have the critical thinking skills to differentiate between a blunderbuss barrage of personal attacks and a well structured counter-argument.


Rabid capitalists?


"You know what would have happened if a rabid capitalist had just turned up unannounced?"


Accusing Russell of being "rabid" by implication is a clear example of an ad hominem attack, but Jo's thought experiment is clearly a load of rubbish too. Lets say a Private Equity Fund billionaire who has made his fortune buying out and asset stripping countless viable businesses and outsourcing all of the jobs to China (someone I'd classify as a rabid capitalist) turns up unannounced in order to invest a few hundred million of his ill-gotten gains in RBS. Do you think he'd be turned away and physically forced out of the door by security for not having an appointment? If somehow he was, do you think the poor sod who decided to set security on such a wealthy potential investor would remain in his job for long?


Alternatively we could imagine our Private Equity Fund billionaire kicking up a stink in the lobby in front of a load of TV cameras, but it would be up to Jo to explain why such a ridiculously implausible thing might happen.


The issue clearly isn't that Brand had no appointment as Jo tries to pretend, it's that he was kicking up a fuss.


The "good deal for the taxpayer" argument!


Jo's letter makes the absurd argument that the RBS bailout was a good deal for the taxpayer. Since RBS was bailed out to the tune of £46 billion, the losses at the bank have reached, erm ... £46 billion .


It's almost as if all that public cash was poured into a black hole of debt never to be recovered. As all of this cash has been squandered RBS has continued handing out hundreds of millions per year in bonuses, because it apparently takes high calibre, hard-working people to squander £46 billion in free money from the taxpayer.


Jo spends most of his letter whining piteously, which is annoying but not necessarily dishonest, but this "good deal for the taxpayer" bit is either a display of being stunningly misinformed about the financial sector he works in, or it is derived from downright dishonesty.


Selectiveness


Defending bankers' bonuses at bailed out banks could be considered a brave stance considering the understandable amount of public anger, but cast alongside Jo's pitiful refusal to address stuff like the Libor and Forex rigging frauds and the PPI insurance fraud ("I do not speak for RBS, so cannot say anything about the recent FX trading scandal or PPI or any of that shit"), it's clearly spectacularly cowardly and self-interested stuff.


If he's going to use the "I cannot say anything" excuse in regards to several multi-billion pound frauds, it's bizarrely hypocritical to extensively defend other aspects of RBS business practices.


Jailing corrupt bankers makes more sense than just confiscating their bonuses


Claiming that bankers' not getting paid their bonuses for having committed crimes is sufficient punishment an absurd argument. It's like saying that muggers and armed robbers should be allowed to get off with their crimes, as long as they just pay back the money they stole. There should be an awful lot of bankers in jail in the UK and US after the global financial sector insolvency crisis, money laundering for Mexican drugs cartels, Libor, Forex and PPI, but the only big one who got locked up was Bernie Madoff, and we all know why ... he stole from the rich.


Tax-dodging


Jo makes a number of claims about the way the Mayfair film production company has benefited from tax-loopholes in order to raise funding for films with which Russell Brand is associated. There may be some legitimacy in these claims, but they're a bit bloody rich coming from someone who so desperately defends RBS, which is a company that has been caught instructing businesses not to pay their tax and avoided £500 million in tax, even after they were bailed out by the taxpayer.


"Return of the Fucking Jedi"


This is one of the most bizarre arguments I've ever seen: "Return Of The Jedi has never, on paper, made a profit. Return Of The fucking Jedi, Russell. As an actor, and even more so as the producer of a (officially) loss-making film, you've taken part in that, you've benefited from it.". The thing that makes this ridiculous argument so especially weak is that we all know that Jo would undoubtedly defend himself if we were to use the same ludicrous debating tactic with claims that HSBC (a bank he doesn't work for) made money from laundering money for Mexican drugs cartels and terrorist organisations, but because Jo is part of the financial sector, he's benefited from it, and that Jo must be a Mexican drug lord and Islamist terrorist by default.


Personal space


Of all of the issues in Jo's seemingly endless diatribe, the claim that Russell Brand aggressively invaded his personal body space seems to me to be by far the most serious.


Apparently this is the film footage of the incident. From what I can see Russell does get a bit close to the guy, but the fact that Russell smiles broadly at several points and the way that he touches him on the arm with his right hand imply an overly-friendly demeanor, not the spectacularly aggressive confrontation described in Jo's letter.


As someone who has suffered social anxiety and personal body space issues, I can see how it is potentially possible to misread situations as a lot more aggressive or critical than they actually are, but Jo's claim that Russell's nose was "two inches" from his face is clearly an under-estimate, the descriptions of the situation as "pretty fucking aggressive" and "an aggressive invasion of personal space" are clearly exaggerations, and the comparison to"primates squaring off for a fight" outright hyperbole.


Conclusion


The only reason that this ridiculous letter got all over the press at all is that Russell Brand is . The newspapers know that by publishing this ridiculous letter they'll get a load of clicks on their websites, and a boost in their online advertising revenues.


Admittedly the reason I've published this riposte to the letter is that Russell Brand is "clickbait", however at least I can console myself with the facts that:



A. Unlike the mainstream press I've been honest enough to admit that I've used "clickbait" in order to get people to read this article.




B. I won't be making any revenue from ad clicks because I don't put any ads on my website. The only way this article could make any money whatever for me is if people have seen it as worthwhile enough to make a small donation after reading it (the "pay as you feel" principle).




C. Using "clickbait" probably isn't so bad if the readers are drawn into reading an article that is ostensibly about Russell Brand, but actually contains a lot of information on important issues such as financial sector corruption, debt backed fiat money creation and the spectacular failure of the RBS bailout, whilst also exposing some appalling debating tactics for the reader to try to avoid in future.



Want something else to read? How about 'Grievous Censorship' By The Guardian: Israel, Gaza And The Termination Of Nafeez Ahmed's Blog


'Ice pancakes' pictured floating on River Dee

Ice pancakes

© HEMEDIA



Ice pancakes recently found at Lummels Pool, near Aboyne, Aberdeenshire.



"Ice pancakes" made out of frozen foam have been forming on the River Dee in Aberdeenshire.

The discs, which are roughly the size of dinner plates, were photographed on the Scottish river at Lummels Pool, in Birse.


They are thought to have been formed overnight, when temperatures fall to below freezing, before they rub and bump together to make a roughly circular shape, as temperatures rise during the day.


The phenomenon can happen on rivers or the open sea, but is more usually spotted in the Antarctic, according to experts from the River Dee Trust who made the discovery.


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Jamie Urquhart, a biologist at the trust, told the BBC: "What we think happened is this: foam floating about on the water started to freeze, probably at night.

"Bits of frozen foam got pushed around in the eddy, and in the ensuing collisions became roughly circular.


"The air temperature rising - being colder at night due to the clear-sky conditions but warmer in the day - means the discs may have grown at night, collecting new foam.


"Then during the day, when the discs softened in the sun, softening particularly around the edges, the collisions raised up the rims."


The discs then increase in size when the process is repeated, Mr Urquhart added.


Want something else to read? How about 'Grievous Censorship' By The Guardian: Israel, Gaza And The Termination Of Nafeez Ahmed's Blog


Comet Finlay in bright outburst, visible in small telescopes

Comet Finlay

© J. Cerny, M. Masek, K. Honkova, J. Jurysek, J. Ebr, P. Kubanek, M. Prouza, M. Jelinek

Comet Finlay on December 16th shows a bright coma and short tail. Its sudden rise to 9th magnitude was confirmed on December 18th by Australian comet observer Paul Camilleri. The moderately condensed object is about 3 arc minutes in diameter.



Short-period comet 15P/Finlay , which had been plunking along at a dim magnitude +11, has suddenly brightened in the past couple days to +8.7, bright enough to see in 10×50 or larger binoculars. Czech comet observer Jakub Cerny and his team photographed the comet on December 16th and discovered the sudden surge. Wonderful news!

While comets generally brighten as they approach the Sun and fade as they depart, any one of them can undergo a sudden outburst in brightness. You can find Finlay right now low in the southwestern sky at nightfall near the planet Mars. While outbursts are common, astronomers still aren't certain what causes them. It's thought that sub-surface ices, warmed by the comet's approach to the Sun, expand until the pressure becomes so great they shatter the ice above, sending large fragments flying and exposing fresh new ice. Sunlight gets to work vaporizing both the newly exposed vents and aerial shrapnel. Large quantities of dust trapped in the ice are released and glow brightly in the Sun's light, causing the comet to quickly brighten.


Some comets flare up dramatically. Take 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann . Normally a dim bulb at 17th magnitude, once or twice a year it flares to magnitude 12 and occasionally 10!


Whatever the reason, outbursts can last from days to weeks. It's anybody's guess how long 15P/Finlay will remain a relatively easy target for comet hungry skywatchers. While not high in the sky, especially from the northern U.S., it can be seen during early evening hours if you plan well.


Comet Finlay_1

© Chris Marriott’s SkyMap software

By good luck, Comet Finlay will track with Mars through December into early January. On December 23rd, they’ll come together in a remarkably close conjunction. This map shows the nightly position of the comet from Dec. 18th through Jan. 12th. Mars’ location is shown every 5 nights. Positions plotted for 6:15 p.m. (CST) 1 hour and 45 minutes after sunset. Stars shown to magnitude 8. Star magnitudes are underlined. Click to enlarge and print for outside use.



Comet Finlay was discovered by William Henry Finlay from South Africa on September 26, 1886. It reaches perihelion or closest approach to the Sun on December 27th and was expected to brighten to magnitude +10 when nearest Earth in mid-January at 130 million miles (209 million km). Various encounters with Jupiter since discovery have increased its original period of 4.3 years to the current 6.5 years and shrunk its perihelion distance from 101 million to 90 million miles.

Comet Finlay_2

© Alfons Diepvens

Comet Finlay appears considerably fainter in this pre-outburst photo taken on December 14th.



Looking at the map above it's amazing how closely the comet's path parallels that of Mars this month. Unlike Comet Siding Spring's encounter with that planet last October, Finlay's proximity is line of sight only. Still, it's nice to have a fairly bright planet nearby to point the way to our target. Mars and Finlay's paths intersect on December 23rd, when the duo will be in close conjunction only about 10? apart (1/3 the diameter of the Full Moon) for observers in the Americas. They'll continue to remain almost as close on Christmas Eve. Along with Comet Q2 Lovejoy , this holiday season is turning out to be a joyous occasion for celestial fuzzballs!

Comet Finlay_3

© Stellarium

To give you a little context to make finding Comet FInlay easier, use this wide-view map. A line from bright Vega in the western sky left through Altair will take you directly to Mars and the comet. This map shows the sky at nightfall tonight when the comet will be about 15° high in the southwestern sky.



Want something else to read? How about 'Grievous Censorship' By The Guardian: Israel, Gaza And The Termination Of Nafeez Ahmed's Blog


Think you're all European or African? Most are mixed

Colors

© ThinkStock



Many Americans who identify as European actually carry African ancestry just as many Americans who identify as African carry European ancestry, finds an extensive new genetic analysis.

DNA tells no lies, so the findings, published in the reveal just what a melting pot of different racial and ethnic groups exists in the United States.


"Our study not only reveals the historical underpinnings of regional differences in genetic ancestry, but also sheds light on the complex relationships between genetic ancestry and self-identified race and ethnicity," study author Katarzyna Bryc of 23andMe and Harvard Medical School said in a press release.


Bryc and her team studied DNA sequence variations called "single-nucleotide polymorphisms" in the genomes of more than 160,000 African Americans, Latinos and European Americans. Study participants provided saliva samples, where the DNA sequence variations were found.


The researchers found that more than 6 million Americans who self-identify as European likely carry African ancestry. As many as 5 million self-described European Americans might have at least 1 percent Native American ancestry, according to the study.


The researchers also determined that regional ancestry differences reflect historical events in the United States, such as waves of immigration. For example, Scandinavian ancestry is found in trace proportions in most states, but it makes up about 10 percent of ancestry in European Americans living in Minnesota and the Dakotas.


The scientists also discovered that people identify roughly with the majority of their genetic ancestry.


Nevertheless, racial lines appear to be more blurred than previously thought.


"These findings suggest that many individuals with partial African and Native American ancestry have 'passed' into the white community, thereby undermining the use of cultural labels that separate individuals into discrete, non-overlapping groups," Bryc said.


She added, "Taken together, our results suggest that genetic ancestry can be leveraged to augment historical records and inform cultural processes shaping modern populations."


Want something else to read? How about 'Grievous Censorship' By The Guardian: Israel, Gaza And The Termination Of Nafeez Ahmed's Blog


New study shows that the most overweight workers in the US are police

Fat Police

© www.funinstore.com



As we reported earlier this year, an FBI study recently revealed that roughly 80% of police officers are overweight. Now, a new study published this week by the found that police officers also rank as the most overweight workers in the country.

However, this study differed on the percentage of officers who were obese. While the FBI study earlier this year suggested that 80% of officers were overweight, this more recent study said that the number was around 41%. Although, it is possible that the FBI was using more rigorous standards.


The recent study in the calculated their numbers using body-mass-index statistics, while the sources of the numbers in the FBI study are unclear.


Body-mass-index is a measure of relative weight based on the mass and height of an individual, and is defined as the body mass of an individual divided by the square of their height.


Not only are a vast number of police officers in the US overweight, but they are also significantly less intelligent than the average person as well. As we reported, police departments actually reject applicants when they score too high on IQ tests.


Oddly, even with such low standards on both fitness and intelligence, it is actually extremely hard to actually get onto a police force. Police departments tend to look for specific types of individuals, people who they feel are capable of carrying out orders and inflicting violence with minimal reflection.


The study also included a list of the professions that they found to be most in-shape. On that list was athletes, scientists, janitors, servers and artists, among others.


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Alchemy of the Timeless Renaissance

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