Focused on providing independent journalism.

Saturday, 28 February 2015

SOTT FOCUS: Why there can be no rational solution to the stand-off between the US and Russia: The psychopath's problem with Russian facts




What passes for 'objective information' in the Western media



In case you haven't noticed, a war has been raging all around you for the past 12 months. Not a 'hot' war, but a massive propaganda war of the kind that usually precedes such military action.

The US' full-spectrum disinformation offensive against Russia began in earnest back in 2006 with the death by polonium poisoning of anti-Putin campaigner Alexander Litvinenko. Despite the fact that, before Litvinenko, the only murderers with previous form for death-by-polonium were those responsible for the murder of Yasser Arafat, the Western media immediately and persistently pointed to Putin as the culprit in Litvinenko's murder.


Earlier this year a UK government inquiry into his death began and the same allegations, based on the "everyone knows Putin's a thug" school of a priori, evidence-bereft, legal argumentation were made. One small piece of information revealed by the inquiry that completely undermined the claim that Putin had anything to do with the death of Litvinenko was, however, studiously ignored by the Western media.


According to the British government's story, the arch 'anti-Putin crusader' was dispatched by two FSB agents who administered the radioactive poison to him by offering him the rest of the pot of tea (about half a cup) they had ordered in a London hotel. The problem with this claim is that Litvinenko himself spontaneously arranged the meeting with the two men just a few hours before he met them. So to believe that the two agents killed their former compatriot, we have to assume that they somehow suspected that Litvinenko was going to ask them for a meet-up and had been carrying around a stash of Polonium for just such an occasion. In addition, one of the agents introduced his 8 year old son to Litvinenko, even telling him to shake his hand, after Litvinenko had drunk some of the supposedly radioactive tea. Litvinenko's wife, Marina, told the inquiry that at the time of his death Litvinenko was working for MI6.


Putin's somewhat famous speech at the 2007 Munich Security Conference is presented as the moment when Russia publicly and unilaterally 'broke' with the West. But Putin's comments in Munich were made on the back of several years of US and British government covert and overt attempts to destabilize the Russian government and force it to accept the reality that the anglo-American empire rules supreme. Rather than bow to this pressure, Putin chose to administer a dose of truth and reality to the warmongers:



"The history of humanity certainly has gone through unipolar periods and seen aspirations to world supremacy. And what hasn't happened in world history? What is a unipolar world? However one might embellish this term, at the end of the day it refers to one type of situation, namely one centre of authority, one centre of force, one centre of decision-making.


It is a world in which there is one master, one sovereign. And at the end of the day this is pernicious, not only for all those within this system, but also for the sovereign itself because it destroys itself from within.


And this certainly has nothing in common with democracy. Because, as you know, democracy is the power of the majority in light of the interests and opinions of the minority.


Incidentally, Russia - we - are constantly being taught about democracy. But for some reason those who teach us do not want to learn themselves. Today we are witnessing an almost uncontained hyper use of force - military force - in international relations, force that is plunging the world into an abyss of permanent conflicts. We are seeing a greater and greater disdain for the basic principles of international law. And independent legal norms are, as a matter of fact, coming increasingly closer to one state's legal system. One state and, of course, first and foremost the United States, has overstepped its national borders in every way. This is visible in the economic, political, cultural and educational policies it imposes on other nations. Well, who likes this? Who is happy about this?"



Since that speech, Russia has been on a collision course with the USA and its subservient ideologues in the EU. While Russia made concrete efforts to redress the imbalance in the unipolar world by establishing multi-lateral economic, political and social links with non-empire-aligned countries (BRICS), the USA and EU continued their demonisation and destabilization campaign against the Russian government. Along with the concerted anti-Putin media campaign, tactics have included the funding and training of 'opposition' groups within Russia, an attempt to frame Russia for the shooting down of a civilian airliner, economic and political sanctions, speculative currency attacks, manipulating energy markets to Russia's (and most everyone else's) detriment, and of course organising the violent overthrow of the Ukrainian government to impose a gaggle of pusillanimous quislings who could be relied on to launch a war against the ethnic Russians of Eastern Ukraine, all in an effort to bait Russia into a war with Ukraine, and potentially Europe.

All of these maneuvers (and others) have been for the purpose of instigating 'regime change' in Russia to prevent the emergence of a new, more equitable world order led, in large part, by Russia. The anglo-American empire rules supreme today because its agents have spent the last 100 years (more in the case of the UK) infiltrating, manipulating, subverting, and blackmailing other governments. They have also repeatedly waged war on the people of other nations and consistently plundered their resources. Built on this edifice, the anglo-American empire cannot continue to rule supreme without continuing to appropriate the wealth (human and natural) of other nations. It is not hard to see how Putin's moves towards the creation of a more equitable global economic order so perplexes the agents of empire, and drives them to take increasingly extreme measures to thwart Russian intentions.

When writing or speaking on the Ukraine crisis, most geopolitical pundits in the alternative media, (including leading lights like William Polk, who worked at the US State Dept. under JFK, and former Asst. Sec. of the Treasury under Reagan, Paul Craig Roberts) spell out the rather basic causes of - and propose solutions to - the current impasse: that US/NATO interfering in Ukraine is viewed, understandably, by Russia as a direct attack on its interests; that the US would never accept similar treatment by Russia (like Russia sponsoring a coup in Mexico and the installation of anti-US Mexican government); and that the US/NATO should accept this and back down or run the risk of embroiling the planet in nuclear war. The aforementioned William Polk recently wrote:



"We must recognize that the Ukraine is not part of our sphere of influence or dominance. It is neither in the Western Hemisphere nor in the North Atlantic. On the Black Sea, the concept of a North Atlantic Treaty Organization is an oxymoron. The Black Sea area is part of what the Russians call 'the near abroad'. [...]


The danger, of course, is that , for domestic political reasons - and particularly because of the urging of the neoconservatives and other hawks - we may not accept this geostrategic fact. Then, conflict, with all the horror that could mean, would become virtually inevitable."



Polk hints at what I have already explained above - that the preservation of US global hegemony requires that US 'hawks' ignore facts. The "domestic political reasons" refer to the need for the US to continue doing what it is doing. For one thing, current US energy consumption levels require that it seek oil abroad. And that's just one factor. Imperial war and plunder are the glue that holds the US economy together, an economy that is extremely unbalanced between rich and poor, and between debt and credit. Any sane analyst can see that the United States is in dire need of radical restructuring and sound governance.

But there is more to this problem than mere cognitive dissonance on the part of US policy-makers. Psychopaths make up an estimated 2-6% of the global population, although they are not spread equally across the world.


In a paper titled 'The Sociobiology of Sociopathy: An Integrated Evolutionary Model ', Linda Mealey of the Department of Psychology at the College of St. Benedict in St. Joseph, Minnesota, addressed the increase in psychopathy in American culture by suggesting that in a competitive society - one in which capitalism dominates, for example - psychopathy is adaptive and likely to increase. She writes:



I have thus far argued that some individuals seem to have a genotype that disposes them to [psychopathy].


[Psychopaths] always appear in every culture, no matter what the socio-cultural conditions [...]


Competition increases the use of antisocial and Machiavellian strategies and can counteract pro-social behavior.


Some cultures encourage competitiveness more than others and these differences in social values vary both temporally and cross-culturally [...] Across both dimensions, high levels of competitiveness are associated with high crime rates and Machiavellianism.


High population density, an indirect form of competition, is also associated with reduced pro-social behavior and increased anti-social behavior.




The conclusion is that the 'American way of life' has optimized the survival of psychopaths with the consequence that it is an adaptive "life strategy" that is extremely successful in American society, and thus has increased in the population in strictly genetic terms. What is more, as a consequence of a society that is adaptive for psychopathy, many individuals who are not genetic psychopaths have similarly adapted, becoming "effective" psychopaths, or "secondary sociopaths."

It's not that capitalism is psychopathic per se; rather, when the ingredients that go into successful capitalism - entrepreneurship, innovation, hard work, long-term vision, and 'that pioneering spirit' - become corrupted and diverted towards satiating (though never succeeding) pure greed, you know that psychopathy has taken hold. The specific term used by Andrej Lobacewski in Political Ponerology to describe this process was 'ponerization'. Just as people and animals can be infected with parasites that take over their minds and cause them to behave in utterly self-destructive ways, so too are 'isms' (ideologies) and organizations (up to and including national governments) morphed over time and used to mask psychopathic activity. [Lobacewski, by the way, was a Polish psychologist and part of a clandestine network of researchers studying this phenomenon in Communist Eastern Europe in the early to mid-20th century.]


Given that centers of power, influence, corruption and greed would attract psychopathic individuals of a particular 'caliber', we can presume that psychopaths are probably overrepresented in the US government (high population centers, competitiveness and anti-social behavior = job in government). Most academic studies agree that most psychopaths lack foresight, specifically the ability to imagine the consequences to themselves of their actions. They see only that which they want to see, and what they want is based on their primitive unconscious drive for domination and destruction. To the psychopath, rules and facts are annoying things that they continually strive to circumvent or deny. They are all too willing to impose rules on others, but never for a moment consider that those rules might also apply to them.



For the 'common' or 'garden variety' psychopath, this often leads to repeated arrests and stints in jail, from which they fail to learn anything, other than ways to avoid getting caught again, which also usually fail. Circumstantial evidence suggests, however, that some psychopaths - they could be called 'ambitious' - are able to understand that their inclinations are not acceptable in normal society (although they cannot understand why), that the rules are a threat to them, and that elevating themselves above 'normal' society where different rules apply (or they get to make the rules) is the best way to facilitate the free expression of their domineering and destructive impulses, without suffering any negative consequences. A position of power and influence in a monolithic and monumentally corrupt organisation like the US government is, therefore, the perfect place for a psychopath to ply his trade. But once in that position, and (rightly) convinced of his immunity to consequences, the psychopath will revert to ignoring facts and rules and, certainly, show no regard for the negative consequences of his actions for others.

And so we come back to William Polk's problem that "for domestic political reasons - and particularly because of the urging of the neoconservatives and other hawks - we may not accept [the] geostrategic fact [that] Ukraine is not part of our sphere of influence or dominance". This is true, but from the point of view of the psychopaths in the US government (and beyond) who are directing US policy towards Russia, "domestic political reasons" have little to do with their non-acceptance of the facts. For these psychopaths, at the level of their primitive drives, the problem with the facts is the facts themselves: they conflict with what they want. And as I have noted, what they want is to dominate and, when necessary to achieve that domination, to destroy. Their positions of power and influence combined with their unique ability to totally disregard facts and instead 'create their own', is the core problem facing humanity today. It's solipsism with a profoundly narcissistic slant all the way around. It's greed and control, not for some even remotely noble end, (although all manner of noble narratives and justifications are used to bamboozle the normal people of this world into going along with the psychopathic agenda), but as an end in itself.


This is the truth of the situation with which we are confronted. Yet the idea that our 'authority' figures are inhuman predators bent on global domination and control for its own sake is almost impossible for the average person to accept because it is so fundamentally inhuman, alien even. This is the reason the comfortable (yet hopelessly naive) lie that "Putin is a thug" (for example), and that the US government is attempting to secure 'freedom and democracy' for all, is accepted by the masses.


This entry passed through the Full-Text RSS service - if this is your content and you're reading it on someone else's site, please read the FAQ at http://bit.ly/1xcsdoI.


Rare Arctic bowhead whale seen for the first time in UK waters


© Seawatch

The bowhead was spotted with a mobile phone camera



The bowhead whale was photographed on a mobile phone off Par Beach on the remote island of St Martin's by diver Anna Cawthray who immediately suspected it was special.

But it took an international exchange of e-mails between experts in Britain and the United States to identify it as a young bowhead who was 2,000 miles from home.


Anna feared the whale - which was about 25ft long - could have been stranded but she said: "After about 15 minutes it swam away.


"Seeing it was a once in a lifetime experience."


Bowhead whales normally live in the high Arctic near the ice edge and their closest population is off Spitzbergen far to the north of Norway.


They can reach up to 70ft in length, weigh up to 90 tonnes and live for up to 200 years which makes them possibly the longest lived marine mammal in the world.


They live off small crustaceans and use their large heads to smash through pack ice.


The record was described by the Sea Watch Foundation as an "extraordinary sighting".


A spokesman said: "This is the first sighting of this species in the UK. It has also not been recorded elsewhere in Europe south of the Barents Sea which is north of Norway.


"Bowheads were so heavily exploited by whalers in the Arctic Ocean, in Baffin Bay off Greenland, and the Barents Sea that the population seriously declined during the early twentieth century.


"The population dropped from around 30,000-50,000 to a low in the 1920s of about 3,000.


"But the cessation of commercial whaling in the latter half of the last century has allowed numbers globally to increase to somewhere between 15,000 and 20,000, mainly in the Beaufort Sea and Arctic Ocean."


Sea Watch Foundation's founder and director, Dr Peter Evans, said: "Bowhead whales are unusual amongst whale species in being largely confined to the coldest parts of the world, generally never far from the ice edge.


Ex-policeman and lover plotted to conceive baby so they could abuse it and share it with other paedophiles

A former police officer and his lover plotted to conceive a baby so they could abuse it and share it with other paedophiles, a court heard.

Alexander McCracken, 35, shared fantasies of raping and murdering newborn babies with his then-girlfriend Sharon Campbell and said he would 'deffo rape a little baby girl'.



© Iain Brown

Former police officer Alexander McCracken, 35, (pictured) shared fantasies of raping and murdering newborn babies said he would 'deffo rape a little baby girl'.





Police found more than 500 hardcore child porn and bestiality images when they raided his home in Ayr, many of which were passed on to other paedophiles.

The pair are now facing jail after admitting three charges of possessing and distributing indecent images of children at Ayr Sheriff Court.


McCracken, who has a 10-year-old son, spent nine years with Strathclyde Police before being exposed in 2010 as a swinger and a £400-a-night bisexual prostitute, the reported.


Police seized his computer and smartphone in last year's raid and found a string of sickening messages including one which suggests they breed a 'baby toy' and abuse it 'as soon as born'.


One, from a user linked to McCracken's computer, says: 'Oh would deffo rape a little baby girl.'


When asked if his girlfriend would let him, the reply was: 'It's the wife typing lol. I would help him lol.'


The usernames 'sleazyperv79' and 'NepicoupleUK' were linked to the computer and mobile used by McCracken.


During one exchange, 'sleazyperv79' wrote: 'Three month old getting molesting ... I hope he snuffed her eventually.'


John Bradford, prosecuting, said: 'The chat indicates that the user has a predilection to violently sexually abuse these infants to death, or allow others do do so.



© Iain Brown

He exchanged sickening messages with his former girlfriend Sharon Campbell and they are both now facing jail.




© Rose and Trev Clough

The pair are facing jail after admitting three charges of possessing and distributing indecent images of children at Ayr Sheriff Court (pictured).



'The communications include content of a paedophilic nature, comments on the rape and killing of newborn babies and what purports to be a couple trying for a baby so that they can sexually abuse her.'

He revealed that cybercrime experts found 551 such images in Yahoo Messenger chat files after the raid in January last year.


The majority of the images were category five, the most depraved possible and most were passed among paedophiles between July 2012 and October 2013.


Mr Bradford said: 'The images are predominantly of young girls, with the majority being newborn, babies and toddlers with a few up to about the age of eight.'


Police were alerted to the couple's actions by the National Online Child Abuse Protection service.


Campbell, 39, who was a support worker for elderly people with mental health problems at a care home in Ayr, is no longer with McCracken.


Her lawyer, Peter Lockhart, said: 'This is a frankly shocking and appalling offence and she recognises that. She has co-operated fully throughout and there is no getting away from it that a custodial sentence must be uppermost in your mind.'


McCracken's lawyer Jill Malloy said he complied fully with strict bail conditions and had no unsupervised contact with females under 16 and no internet use where history could be hidden.


She added that he had lost his job as a factory production worker.


Sheriff Scott Pattison called for reports before sentencing next month. He said: 'These offences are of the utmost seriousness. You are fortunate you have been prosecuted in the sheriff court.'



Wild boar attacks and injures five in Mizoram village, India


© David J Slater

Wild boar



A male wild boar entered a village in eastern Mizoram on Wednesday morning and injured five people, three of them grievously, before villagers shot it dead.

Village leader C Lalnunpuia said the wild boar entered Saichal, within Champhai district, from the nearby woods around 9.45 am, chasing a woman who was coming from the same direction.


As it reached a house on the outskirts, it attacked a group of women sitting on the porch.


One of the women, identified as Lalruatliani, sustained wounds on her hands and arms, with several fingers broken.


Another woman, Pi Kawli, sustained wounds in the back, while the third woman, Lalrampari, was wounded in the chest and legs.


Two men who came to the women's aid were also injured before one of them could hit the wild boar with an axe.


The animal fled after it was wounded, and another villager chased after it and shot it dead near the village graveyard, which adjoins the woods.


Lalnunpuia, president of the village's Young Mizo Association unit, said the wounded were being shifted to the Aizawl Civil Hospital, about five hours by road.


Fanaia Fanai, another village leader, said it was rare to find wild boars roaming in the area and that he has not seen one himself in recent memory although he regularly goes to the woods and adjoining farmlands.


Russia signs nuclear power agreement with Egypt



At a meeting in Cairo in early February, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Russia and Egypt concluded a preliminary agreement on the construction of the first nuclear power plant in Egypt.


According to a project development agreement signed by Sergei Kiriyenko, the head of Russian atomic energy agency Rosatom, and Egypt's Minister of Electricity and Renewable Energy Mohamed Shaker, Rosatom will construct four latest-generation nuclear power plant units that include enhanced safety systems developed after the disaster at Japan’s Fukushima nuclear power plant.


All the necessary agreements and contracts are expected to be signed before the end of the year.


"In a very short period of time, we need to prepare for the signing of two intergovernmental agreements - one on nuclear power plant construction and one on financing. During the negotiations, we have been set the task to perform at maximum speed, and Rosatom is ready for that,” Kiriyenko said, according to World Nuclear News.


"Russia has plenty of experience it can share with Egypt. It will allow to satisfy the needs of Egypt in electric energy,” al-Sisi said during the visit.


The deal is an important one for Rosatom because Egypt is traditionally an ally of the United States, and Rosatom’s main competition on the world market comes from American nuclear companies.


According to independent nuclear power expert Alexander Uvarov, however, the nuclear power deal between Russia and Egypt is unlikely to affect the bigger picture of geopolitical interests in the region.


"The risk that Cairo will reject allied relations with the United States because of the Russian nuclear technology is miniscule," Uvarov said.


One more partner in the Middle East


Rosatom is already actively cooperating with other countries in the Middle East. In September 2014, the company signed an agreement with Jordan to work on the construction of nuclear power plants in the province of Zarqa.


The Russian firm is planning to build two power plants with a total capacity of 2,000 MW at the Jordanian site. At the moment, a feasibility study of the project and environmental impact assessment are underway.


Russia’s cooperation with Iran on the construction of the Bushehr nuclear power plant is well known. Last year, industry publication Power Engineering named the first unit of the Bushehr power plant its “project of the year” for 2014 in the nuclear power category. The first unit of the Kudankulam nuclear power plant in India was recognized as the runner-up in the project of the year competition.


Both units were built by Rosatom subsidiary Atomstroyexport from a Russian design.


"Our foreign colleagues, including the German nuclear scientists, were without exaggeration stunned by the fact that Rosatom still managed to finish and put into operation the first Iranian block. Many believed that it was impossible to do and that the project was only political PR for Iran and Russia," Atomstroyexport Vice President Vladimir Pavlov told RBTH.


In November 2014, the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran signed a new agreement with Moscow under which eight nuclear reactors of Russian design will be built Iran as a "turnkey" project, in which a power plant is sold to a utility after completion. It was the largest nuclear power agreement between the two countries to date.


As part of the agreement, four units will be built at the Bushehr nuclear power plant, and the other four at another location, which has not yet been selected.


According to Rosatom representatives, global fears over Iran’s nuclear development does not concern Russia’s nuclear projects in Iran because they are purely peaceful and do not involve the transfer of any dual-use technology to Iran. Moreover, the projects are implemented under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Agency and are not affected by international sanctions.





Bionic eye lets blind man see again

 Allen Zderad

© Mayo Clinic/YouTube screen shot

A blind man was recently able to see again after having a bionic eye implant.



A bionic eye implant is now allowing a blind man to see the outlines of his wife after 10 years in darkness.

The implant, called a retinal prosthesis, consists of a small electronic chip that is placed at the back of the eye to send visual signals directly into the optic nerve. This bypasses the damaged cells in the man's retina.


The bionic eye doesn't have enough electrodes to recreate the details of human faces, but for the first time since he lost his vision, the man can make out the outlines of people and things, and walk without a cane.


Degenerative disease


The Minneapolis-St. Paul man, Allen Zderad, suffered from a genetic condition called retinitis pigmentosa, in which the cells in the retina that gather light gradually die. While many people who suffer from this condition experience only decreased night vision, some lose their central vision completely.


Amazingly, after 10 years living with the disease, Zderad had figured out how to continue woodworking by relying on his sense of touch and perception of spatial relationships. But he was effectively blind; he could not see his wife or his grandkids, and could only see extremely bright lights.


Zderad's grandson was getting treatment for the same genetic condition from Dr. Raymond Iezzi, Jr., an ophthalmologist at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Zderad's grandson mentioned that his grandfather was almost completely blind, and the doctor asked to see Zderad.


Iezzi, it turned out, was conducting a clinical trial of a bionic eye implant made by Second Sight. Zderad became the doctor's first patient to get the implant.


[embedded content]




Bypassing photoreceptors

Though retinitis pigmentosa destroys photoreceptors, the rest of the retina, including optic nerve cells that send light signals to the brain, remain healthy.


"What we're trying to do is replace the function of these lost photoreceptors," Iezzi said in a YouTube video (above) released by the Mayo Clinic.


In January, Iezzi implanted the bionic eye by inserting the electronics and a wafer with 60 electrodes through the white of Zderad's right eye. Iezzi fixed the electronics outside the eye, then placed the wafer on the curved portion at the back of the eye, where the retina sits.


Two weeks later, the team activated the external portion of the device: a set of glasses that contain a tiny camera on the bridge of the nose and a belt-pack computer.


The glasses camera takes a picture of the world as the eye would see it, then feeds that information into the computer that Zderad wears around his waist. The computer translates that image into light signals that are then beamed through a wireless transmitter into the electrodes in the man's eye. The electrodes, in turn, transmit the light signals to the optic nerve, which relays the information to the brain.


As soon as the implant was activated, Zderad reached out to grab his wife's hands, which he could see for the first time in a decade. He even caught a glimpse of his own silhouette in a window. However, the system creates little flashes of light, rather than traditional images, so he will still need to go through physical therapy in order to better interpret the light signals coming from his implant, according to Mayo Clinic's statement on the case.


[embedded content]


Does the House of Windsor have right to British throne?

Queen Elizabeth

© AP Photo/Jon Furniss/Invision



The history of the British Royal Houses has always been shrouded in mystery: citing the results of DNA tests as well as hereditary genetic disorders researchers, have called into question the legitimacy of the present British royalties.

Scientists from the University of Leicester claimed last year there could be a break in the royal blood line, citing an astonishing mismatch of the DNA of Richard III to that of some of his descendants: it is not possible to trace his modern male-line relatives through the Y chromosome. Henry VII Tudor, who seized the power in 1485 after defeating the king in the Battle of Bosworth Field, cemented his power by marrying Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III.


The current royal family share a direct blood line to the Tudors, researchers underscored, calling into question the House of Windsor's right to rule. In addition to the suspicious DNA tests' results scientists also pointed to some hereditary genetic disorders, suggesting there could have been some skeletons in the closet of the Queen Victoria's mother, German-born Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld.


In 1995 a book by D.M. Potts was published examining the defective hemophilia gene in the royal bloodline. The author claimed that while Queen Victoria's son Leopold as well as some of her grandchildren suffered from the deadly disease, no member of the royal line before Leopold had been struck by the condition. In this light there could be only two possibilities: either one of Victoria's parents had an extremely rare gene mutation (1 in 50,000), or Queen Victoria was the illegitimate child of a hemophiliac man.


According to the scientists from the Royal Society of Medicine, the defective gene has not been registered in seventeen generations of the family on Queen Victoria's mother's side. So far, experts suggest, neither the queen, nor her descendants could be recognized as legitimate British monarchs. However, Victoria was considered the only hope of the British crown: none of her grandfather George III's sons produced a healthy heir, her uncle George IV's daughter died when she was 21 in 1817, and none of King William IV's ten children by the actress Mrs. Jordan could take the throne in accordance with the royal rules.


Historians note that hemophilia has played an important role in Europe's history: the defective gene passed through Victoria to many of her descendants, including the son of Russian Tsar Nicholas II, Alexei, the heir to the Russian throne. Experts speculate that it was Alexei's disease that led to the entry of Rasputin into the Tsar's family undermining its prestige and contributing to the disastrous Russian revolution.


In addition, experts point out that George III, Victoria's grandfather, suffered from porphyria, a rare inherited disease, resulting in such conditions as mental disorder, abdominal pains and itchy skin. Remarkably, none of Queen Victoria's descendants has ever suffered from porphyria disease.


The question remains open whether the evidence obtained by scientists will ultimately shake the positions of the House of Windsor and particularly its current monarch, Queen Elizabeth II.